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閱讀寫(xiě)作新思路!遇到“網(wǎng)絡(luò)手機(jī)電腦”話題秒提分!
- 分類(lèi):備考資料
- 作者:
- 來(lái)源:
- 發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-12-23
- 訪問(wèn)量:
閱讀寫(xiě)作新思路!遇到“網(wǎng)絡(luò)手機(jī)電腦”話題秒提分!
【概要描述】
- 分類(lèi):備考資料
- 作者:
- 來(lái)源:
- 發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-12-23
- 訪問(wèn)量:
Some people say that communication by using computers and phones will have negative effect on young people’s writing and reading skills. Do you agree or disagree?
關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)手機(jī)電腦的話題考得不少,大家可以嘗試從一下的思路入手:
Agree:
Writing skills:
1.經(jīng)常寫(xiě)錯(cuò)字,用錯(cuò)符號(hào); frequent use of improper abbreviations and punctuation
2.打字法有自動(dòng)更正的功能,人們沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)獨(dú)立思考;many application or soft-ware has the function of self-correction, which means people fail to think independently;
3.很多字都不會(huì)寫(xiě);as they get accustomed to typing on the phone, which are quite smart to predict what people want to say, young people even do not have to type themselves since the system will provide several choices for them to choose.
4.手機(jī)有語(yǔ)音功能和圖片功能,很多溝通都不需要書(shū)面表達(dá)。 sending voice messages, pictures, or emoji be used to express your idea without formal writing.
論證方法:
解釋+例子
Reading skills:
1.雖然有人說(shuō)電腦和網(wǎng)絡(luò)使大家有更多信息可以閱讀,但你仔細(xì)想想,坐在電腦前面的人有幾個(gè)在看文學(xué)作品(literature)大多數(shù)時(shí)候都在看八卦新聞,看奇聞?shì)W事,看優(yōu)酷土豆,看。。。。。。選擇問(wèn)題;
2.另外,自從電腦和手機(jī)的出現(xiàn),人們獲取的信息是碎片化的而非系統(tǒng)的,人們變得對(duì)閱讀沒(méi)有耐心,稍微長(zhǎng)一些的文章都不愿意看下去;久而久之,形成了不好的閱讀習(xí)慣;
以下給大家范文參考:
Some educators have warned that the prevalence of mobile phones and the internet has a negative effect on adolescents’ academic ability. I agree with this view.
Firstly, the wide use of “internet English” is regarded as the culprit of the declining writing skills. One obvious reason is that young adults may make some grammatical mistakes unconsciously because of the frequent use of improper abbreviations and punctuation on mobile devices, and this might pose a threat to their future career where a professional writing ability is required in most companies. Therefore, many linguists have expressed their concerns that the instant messaging and chatting on mobile phones might harm the ability of using formal written English.
Secondly, the poor reading proficiency can be put down to the frequent use of technologies as well.Compared to the older generation, young people today are cluttered with different gadgets, like iPad and iPhone. For instance, with easy access to WIFI, they can surf the internet anywhere and anytime to follow the latest information of their idols. However, most social networks deliver fragment and useless information, which not only steals time away from solitary reading but also undermine the ability to think independently. In my opinion, this phenomenon should be reversed as soon as possible because reading has a profound effect on a nation’s future.
In conclusion, while these electronic devices make the communication much more convenient, I am in the camp that they might affect young people’s academic performance negatively.
雅思寫(xiě)作如何審題?
在雅思寫(xiě)作考試中,審題這一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)非常重要,如果題目理解錯(cuò)了,或者沒(méi)有注意到題目里給我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的陷阱,就非常容易偏題,結(jié)果寫(xiě)作分?jǐn)?shù)很受傷,那么我們應(yīng)該怎么做好審題這個(gè)步驟呢?今天給大家介紹幾個(gè)步驟:
1)判斷好題目的類(lèi)型;
雅思的寫(xiě)作題目分為以下的幾類(lèi):觀點(diǎn)類(lèi)Agree / Disagree;論述Both Views/優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)類(lèi)Pros & Cons /報(bào)告類(lèi) Causes & Solutions;/報(bào)告類(lèi)Causes & Trend/Effects(混搭)。 每個(gè)類(lèi)型的寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)是不同的。
2)判斷題目構(gòu)成;
2 句 (論題+問(wèn)題類(lèi)型)
In parts of world, children have more freedom than they used to have. Do you think it a positive or negative trend?
3 句( 背景+論證主題+問(wèn)題類(lèi)型)
1.Increasing car usage in many large global cities has caused a number of problems.// Some cities have proposed banning private vehicles from the city centre. //To what extent do you agree with the method.
2)看對(duì)主題的限定;
Some people think a country benefits from a large proportion of young going to university(2), others think that sending young people to universities only leads to graduate unemployment. Discuss both views and give you own opinion. (1)
以上題目如果論證圍繞著年輕人接受大學(xué)教育對(duì)個(gè)人和家庭的好處,屬于偏題;如果論證接受大學(xué)教育對(duì)于家庭是個(gè)沉重的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān),也是屬于偏題。 在題目的限定內(nèi)容,論證接受大學(xué)教育對(duì)國(guó)家的好處,以及為什么接受大學(xué)教育后會(huì)推高失業(yè)率才是正確的方向。
下次審題記得要用上以上方法哦!
最強(qiáng)干貨!雅思閱讀如何選取題目關(guān)鍵詞?
在雅思題目的做題過(guò)程中,非常重要的一環(huán)就是選取題目的關(guān)鍵詞,因?yàn)轭}目的答案依據(jù)來(lái)源于原文,而題目對(duì)應(yīng)原文的哪個(gè)位置,就需要題目的關(guān)鍵詞來(lái)帶我們?nèi)ザㄎ弧?/span>
那么,我們應(yīng)該如何選取題目的關(guān)鍵詞呢,今天給大家介紹選取關(guān)鍵詞的三個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
1)專(zhuān)有名詞:時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)/人名/地名/組織名/數(shù)字等;
比如in the 1989。
那為什么一定要?jiǎng)潓?zhuān)有名詞呢?
大家可以設(shè)想一下,比如你要在所在的小區(qū)里面找一個(gè)人,根據(jù)什么樣的線索可以最快找到這個(gè)人呢?那肯定是依據(jù)個(gè)人的特征,比如高矮胖瘦,頭發(fā)長(zhǎng)短,面部有什么區(qū)別于其他人的特征對(duì)嘛?!
專(zhuān)有名詞就是題目的特征,讓我們可以在原文里面快速把題目定位出來(lái),因?yàn)閷?zhuān)有名詞是首字母是大寫(xiě)的同時(shí),一般不會(huì)被同義替換掉。
2)普通名詞中的具體名詞。因?yàn)榫唧w名詞具有指向性,我們可以做同義替換的預(yù)判。
比如以下兩組單詞:
不可預(yù)判 可預(yù)判
Description
Geography(south / west/ north / east / near / opposite / equator / latitude / longitude / altitude)
Narration
Distance(1000 km / travel / traverse / close / far from / away )
Depiction
Cold temperature(cold / freezing / frozen / winter / snow / ice以及具體溫度度數(shù))
Reference Climate(wet / hot / storm)
Time(while / period / 8 years / quickly / immediately / instantly / suddenly / promptly)
以上兩組詞對(duì)比,應(yīng)該選右邊的一組為關(guān)鍵詞,因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)谠闹械奶鎿Q可以被預(yù)判。
3)個(gè)數(shù)上,必須劃2-3個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞,必須出現(xiàn)在原文的同個(gè)句子里面或者相鄰的兩個(gè)句子中。
我們都知道,在數(shù)學(xué)的概念上,如果只以一個(gè)點(diǎn)來(lái)劃線,劃出來(lái)的線可以是無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)方向;但如果是兩個(gè)點(diǎn),有且只有一個(gè)方向。同樣的道理,一個(gè)題目里面,必須有兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞,才能夠確定題目在原文當(dāng)中的確切的位置。
舉個(gè)例子,比如一篇文章的第一段到第三段都在講同一個(gè)主題-交通,第一段講地區(qū)內(nèi)部的交通比如公交車(chē),地鐵等;第二段講長(zhǎng)途交通,比如大巴,火車(chē)等;第三段講各個(gè)城市的對(duì)比。
如果我只通過(guò)transportation 這個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞,那么定位點(diǎn)在三個(gè)段落都有可能,但如果在transportation的基礎(chǔ)上,加上subway 或者 bus, 通過(guò)兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞,我們可以順利定位到第一段。
雅思閱讀中同義替換的細(xì)微之處,你發(fā)現(xiàn)了嗎?
在備考雅思閱讀的過(guò)程中,一項(xiàng)必不可少的技能就是學(xué)會(huì)找到題干與文章中出現(xiàn)的同義替換關(guān)系。而同義替換關(guān)系分為很多種,大致包括:
1.近義詞之間的同義替換,如 depend on = rely on;
2.上/下義詞之間的同義替換,如vehicles 屬于car的上義詞;
3.詞性的同義替換,如動(dòng)詞form 與 名詞formation之間的同義替換;
4.句子改寫(xiě)同義替換,如把主動(dòng)句改為被動(dòng)句子等。
而今天小英在這里要分享的是比較冷門(mén)的,且比較少被人發(fā)現(xiàn)的同義替換關(guān)系,這些同義替換未必是考點(diǎn),但能夠體現(xiàn)出雅思閱讀中同義替換的細(xì)致,讓人禁不住回味。
01連接詞的同義替換
連接詞的同義替換在雅思閱讀中出現(xiàn)考點(diǎn)的頻率并不是最高的,在我們劍橋7Test2 Reading2中曾出現(xiàn)過(guò)如下一道填空題:
He feels this would help to change the attitudes of both _____ and _____.
原文出題句如下:
It could go a long way, he says, to shifting consumers as well as farmers towards a more sustainable system of agriculture.
聰明的同學(xué)一看到both ... and 的并列連接關(guān)系與文中的as well as 表示“也”的連接詞,就能夠輕松填出“consumers”和“farmers”這兩個(gè)正確答案。這道作為考點(diǎn)的題簡(jiǎn)單且清晰,讓考生能輕松獲分。
我們?cè)倏聪旅嬉坏肋B接詞同義替換作為非考點(diǎn)的題目(出自劍橋7Test3 reading1):
In fact, the farming methods of ants could be said to be more advanced than human agribusiness, since they use ______methods.
原文句子如下:
Their fungus farming and aphid herding crafts are sophisticated when compared to the agricultural skills of humans five thousand years ago but have been totally overtaken by modern human agribusiness.
Or have they? the farming methods of ants are at leastsustainable.
本道題目可以根據(jù)methods 前應(yīng)加前置定語(yǔ)形容詞起修飾作用,輕松選出sustainable。
但我們仔細(xì)閱讀題目中的since 這個(gè)表因果關(guān)系的連詞,在文中并不能找出與之直接產(chǎn)生同義替換關(guān)系的詞,但是從文中表達(dá)的 Or have they? 這一個(gè)反問(wèn)關(guān)系中,我們能夠讀懂文章前部分是在提出問(wèn)題,后面是在作解釋?zhuān)尸F(xiàn)出來(lái)的就是一種因果關(guān)系。
而在題目中,僅僅用一個(gè)since 就能夠替換掉冗長(zhǎng)的文段,并使我們對(duì)文段的理解更加清晰,不禁讓人回味這精致的paraphrase操作。
讓我們?cè)賮?lái)看一題精致操作,題目出自本機(jī)構(gòu)的雅思基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)冊(cè):
Traffic ________ will also increase as the rich and poor alike are able to afford cars.
原文出題句:
Traffic congestion, already a major cause for concern, is yetanother aspect of transport that will get further out of control.
此題我們通過(guò)分析所填詞詞性為名詞,且根據(jù)increase 與get further 之間的同義關(guān)系能夠選出 congestion一詞。
而我這里要指出的是文中another被句子中的also所替換這一點(diǎn),其實(shí)在題目中即便去掉also也影響不大,翻譯方面也能夠跟文章出題句對(duì)應(yīng)上,但also這個(gè)詞一放進(jìn)去,立馬體現(xiàn)出了雅思出題的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膽B(tài)度,不僅對(duì)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行同義替換,同時(shí)也不放過(guò)對(duì)邏輯關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)述,精致得讓人贊嘆。
02時(shí)態(tài)的同義替換
除了以上點(diǎn)出的連接詞的同義替換,在時(shí)態(tài)上的替換,雅思出題中心也同樣進(jìn)行了用心的轉(zhuǎn)述操作。
我們一起來(lái)看看下面這道題目(出自本機(jī)構(gòu)雅思基礎(chǔ)題):
Tata Nono will significantly ______ that figure.
原文出題句:
64%, 52% and 30% respectively, ... Tata Nono, ... has the potential to dramatically affect those levels.
通過(guò)significantly = dramatically 、 figure = levels 這兩組明顯的同義替換關(guān)系,以及對(duì)空格詞性判斷,我們能夠選出affect 這一答案。
但是題目為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)will一詞呢?仔細(xì)閱讀下原文,原來(lái)will是對(duì)has the potential to 這一詞組的替換。在大部分學(xué)術(shù)文章中,很少會(huì)有“定論”這一東西,在表達(dá)推測(cè)以及講述一個(gè)現(xiàn)象的時(shí)候,學(xué)術(shù)文章的語(yǔ)言都是留有余地。has the potential to 表達(dá)的是有可能,是未來(lái)可能會(huì)發(fā)生的事情,而will一詞,有推測(cè)之意,表示將會(huì)同時(shí)并不表達(dá)一定會(huì),正好能夠轉(zhuǎn)述這種留有余地的表述。
好的,今天的分享就到此,希望大家在有充足備考時(shí)間的前提下,能夠好好回味一下文章與題目之間精致細(xì)微的同義替換關(guān)系,感受下雅思官方學(xué)術(shù)文章在轉(zhuǎn)述文意所下的深厚功力。
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